Import substituting industries in Nepal: Cement industry, tobacco industry, chemical industry, sugar industry and pharmaceutical industry are the main import substituting industries in Nepal.

1. Cement industries: Cement industry is import substituting industry in Nepal. Demand of Nepalese cement is higher than foreign cement in Nepalese markets. Hetauda cement industry, Udayapur cement industry, Bishwakarma cement industry, Triveni cement industry, Annapurna cement industry, Everest cement industry are the major cement industries in Nepal.

2. Tobacco industries: Tobacco industry is another import substituting industry in Nepal. Janakpur Cigarette Industry and Surya Tobacco Company are the big tobacco industries in Nepal. These tobacco industries produce different types of cigarettes.

3. Chemical industry: Chemical industry is another import substituting industry in Nepal. Chemical industry consists of soap industry, detergent industry, match industry, plastic industry and fertilizer industry.

4. Paper industry: Paper industry is also import substituting industry in Nepal. Bhrikuti paper industry is the biggest paper industry of Nepal. There are nearly 90 paper industries in Nepal.

5. Pharmaceutical industry: Pharmaceutical industry is also another import substituting industry in Nepal. There are various pharmaceutical industries in Nepal in public and private sectors.